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Research Papers

# Double Diffusive Natural Convection Heat Transfer Enhancement in a Square Enclosure Using Nanofluids

[+] Author and Article Information

Vahid Bordbar

J. Nanotechnol. Eng. Med 2(2), 021002 (May 13, 2011) (9 pages) doi:10.1115/1.4003794 History: Received February 16, 2011; Revised March 03, 2011; Published May 13, 2011; Online May 13, 2011

## Abstract

Double-diffusive natural convection flow in square enclosure filled with nanofluid is studied in this paper. Water based nanofluid containing various nanoparticles including Cu, Ag, $Al2O3$, and $TiO2$ is used in the numerical analysis. The upper and lower walls of the enclosure are well insulated and impermeable and the left and right walls are imposed to constant temperatures and concentration. Laminar regime under steady state condition is considered. The Maxwell–Garnett model is used to predict the ratio of thermal conductivity. The system of conservation equations consisting of continuity, momentum, energy, and solute concentration in dimensionless form are solved by using finite volume SIMPLE algorithm. Results are presented for different values of the governing parameters Rayleigh and Lewis number, in terms of streamlines, isotherms, isoconcentration, local Nusselt number, and local Sherwood number. The effect of nanoparticle volume fractions are also discussed on heat transfer characteristics in the cavity.

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## Figures

Figure 1

Schematic diagram of the problem

Figure 2

Local Nusselt number (left) and local Sherwood number (right) along the heated wall, for different Cu nanoparticle volume fractions, Ra=105 and (a) Le=1.0, (b) Le=2.0, and (c) Le=5.0

Figure 3

Local Nusselt number (left) and local Sherwood number (right) along the heated wall, for different Cu nanoparticle volume fractions, Ra=105 and (a)Le=1.0, (b) Le=2.0, and (c) Le=5.0

Figure 4

Streamlines, isotherms, and isoconcentrations for φ=0 (solid lines), φ=0.05 (dashed lines), φ=0.1 (dash-dot-dot lines), Ra=105, and (a) Le=1.0, (b) Le=2.0, and (c) Le=5.0

Figure 5

Streamlines, isotherms, and isoconcentrations for φ=0 (solid lines), φ=0.05 (dashed lines), φ=0.1 (dash-dot-dot lines), Ra=106, and (a) Le=1.0, (b) Le=2.0, and (c) Le=5.0

Figure 6

Average Nusselt number (left) and average Sherwood number on the heated wall with Cu volume fraction for different Lewis numbers at Ra=105

Figure 7

Average Nusselt number (left) and average Sherwood number on the heated wall with Cu volume fraction for different Lewis numbers at Ra=106

Figure 8

Average Nusselt number (left) and average Sherwood number on the heated wall with Cu volume fraction for different Rayleigh numbers at Le=2.0

Figure 9

Average Nusselt number (left) and average Sherwood number on the heated wall with volume fraction for different nanoparticles at Le=2.0 and Ra=106

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