... flexible printing substrates aerosol jet printing direct-write technique sustainable silver ink sintering analysis electrical resistance shear load to failure adhesives Flexible electronics are gaining prominence as a viable alternative to traditional print-and-etch electronics...

.... The initiation and propagation of fatigue cracks (fatigue damage) from cyclic shear load amplitude were monitored both by measuring electrical resistance and maximum shear stress in real-time. In a monotonic shear test of a 288 interconnect BGA, electrical failure was detectable decrease in stress...