Abstract
Genipin, the hydrolytic product of geniposide, which is extracted from gardenia fruit, shows good potential as a fingerprint reagent. It develops latent fingerprints on paper as blue impressions with good contrast and resolution. Even very faint impressions that are barely visible in ambient light will fluoresce brightly upon illumination at ca. 590 nm and are best viewed with a barrier filter above 630 nm. Potential advantages of genipin are the combination of colorimetric and fluorogenic activity in one reagent as well as its being a safe and environmentally friendly natural product.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Djerassi
C
, Gray
J D
, Kincl
F A
. Naturally occurring oxygen heterocyclics. IX. Isolation and characterization of genipin
. J Org Chem
0022-3263 1960
;25
:2174
–7
.2.
Djerassi
C
, Nakano
T
, James
A N
, Zalkow
L H
, Eisenbraun
E J
, Shoolery
J N
. Terpenoids. XLVII. The structure of genipin
. J Org Chem
0022-3263 1961
;26
:1192
–206
.3.
Bűchi
G
, Gubler
B
, Schneider
R S
, Wild
J
. The total synthesis of racemic genipin
. J Am Chem Soc
0002-7863 1967
;89
:2776
–7
.4.
Lee
S W
, Lim
J M
, Bhoo
S H
, Paik
Y S
, Hahn
T R
. Colorimetric determination of amino acids using genipin from Gardenia jasminoides
. Anal Chim Acta
0003-2670 2003
;480
:267
–74
.5.
Park
J E
, Lee
J Y
, Kim
H G
, Hahn
T R
, Paik
Y S
. Isolation and characterization of water-soluble intermediates of blue pigments transformed from geniposide of gardenia jasminoides
. J Agric Food Chem
0021-8561 2002
;50
:6511
–4
.6.
Park
J E
, Hahn
T R
, Paik
Y S
. Separation and characterization of water soluble blue pigments formed from geniposide of gardenia fruits
. Agric Chem Biotechnol
2001
;44
:190
–3
.7.
Kent
T
, editor. Manual of fingerprint development Techniques
. 2nd ed. Sandridge
: Home Office
, 1998
.8.
Video Spectral Comparator (VSC-1), Operating Instructions
, Foster and Freeman Ltd.
, 25 Swan Lane, Evesham, Wores WR11 4PE, UK.9.
Polilight L-500, Operating Instructions
, Rofin Australia Pty. Ltd
, 1998
.10.
Oden
S
, von Hofsten
B
. Detection of fingerprints by the ninhydrin reaction
. Nature
0028-0836 1954
;173
:449
–50
.11.
12.
Lee
H C
, Gaensslen
R E
, editors. Advances in fingerprint technology
. 2nd ed. New York
: CRC
, 2001
; Chapter 3.13.
Joullié
M M
, Petrovskaia
O G
. A better way to develop fingerprints
. Chemtech
0009-2703 1998
;28
:41
–4
.14.
Almog
J
. Fingerprints (Dactyloscopy): Visualization of latent fingerprints, encyclopedia of forensic sciences
. Siegel
J
, editor. New York
: Academic Press
, 2000
;890
–900
.15.
Kobus
H J
, Pigou
P E
, Jahngiri
S
, Taylor
B J
. Evaluation of some oxygen, sulfur, and selenium substituted ninhydrin analogues, nitrophenylninhydrin and benzo[f]furoninhydrin
. J Forensic Sci
0022-1198 2002
;47
(2
):254
–9
.16.
Grigg
R
, Mongkolaussavaratana
T
, Pounds
C A
, Srivagnanam
S
. 1,8-Diazafluorenone and related compounds. A new reagent for the detection of α-amino acids and latent fingerprints
. Tetrahedron Lett
0040-4039 1990
;31
:7215
–8
.17.
Wilkinson
D
. Study of the reaction mechanism of 1,8-diazofluoren-9-one with the amino acid, L-alanine
. Forensic Sci Int
0379-0738 2000
;109
:87
–103
.18.
Jonker
H
, Molenaar
A
, Dippel
C J
. Physical development recording system: III. Physical development
. Photo Sci Eng
0031-8760 1969
;13
:38
–44
.19.
Cantu
A A
. On the composition of silver physical developers used to visualize latent prints on paper
. Forensic Sci Rev
2001
;13
:29
–64
.20.
Ramotowski
R
, Cantu
A A
, Joullié
M M
, Petrovskaia
O G
. 1,2-Indanediones: a preliminary evaluation of a new class of amino acid visualizing compounds
. Fingerprint Whorld
1997
;23
:131
–40
.21.
Hauze
D B
, Petrovskaia
O G
, Taylor
B
, Joullié
M M
, Ramotowski
R
, Cantu
A A
. 1,2-Indanediones: new reagents for visualizing the amino acid components of latent prints
. J Forensic Sci
0022-1198 1998
;43
:744
–7
.22.
Wiesner
S
, Springer
E
, Sasson
Y
, Almog
J
. Chemical development of latent fingerprints: 1,2-indanedione has come of age
. J Forensic Sci
0022-1198 2001
;46
:71
–3
.23.
Ramminger
U
, Nickel
U
, Geide
B
. Enhancement of an insufficient dye-formation in the ninhydrin reaction by a suitable post treatment process
. J Forensic Sci
0022-1198 2001
;46
:288
–93
.24.
Azoury
M
, Gabbay
R
, Cohen
D
, Almog
J
. ESDA processing and latent fingerprint development: The humidity effect
. J Forensic Sci
0022-1198 2003
;48
(3
):564
–70
.25.
Shukla
Y
, Antony
M
, Gupta
K
, Mehrota
N K
. Tumor-promoting activity of ninhydrin on mouse skin
. Food Chem Toxic
0278-6915 1994
;32
:651
–4
.26.
Hytonen
M
, Martimo
K P
, Estlander
T
, Tupasela
O
. Occupational IgE-mediated rhinitis caused by ninhydrin
. Allergy
0105-4538 1996
;51
:114
–6
.27.
Seitz
W R
. Fluorescence derivatization
in: CRC Critical reviews in analytical chemistry
1980
;8
:367
–405
.28.
Menzel
E R
. Fingerprint detection with lasers
. 2nd ed. New York
: Marcell Dekker
, 1999
.29.
Menzel
E R
. Advances in fingerprint technology
. 2nd ed. In: Lee
H C
, Gaensslen
R E
, editors. New York:
CRC
. 2001
; Chapter 6.
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.
