Interlaminar crack growth resistances were evaluated for five different SiC fiber-reinforced ceramic matrix composites (CMCs) including three gas-turbine grade melt-infiltrated composites. Modes I and II crack growth resistances, and , were determined at ambient temperature using double cantilever beam and end notched flexure methods, respectively. The CMCs exhibited and . All the composites (except for one SiC/CAS composite) showed a rising -curve behavior either in mode I or in mode II, presumably attributed to fiber bridging (in modes I and II) and frictional constraint (mode II) in the wake region of a propagating crack. A glass fiber-reinforced epoxy polymer matrix composite showed typically two to three times greater and eight times greater , compared to the CMCs. An experimental error analysis regarding the effect of the off-the-center of a crack plane on and was also made.
Issue Section:
Gas Turbines: Ceramics
1.
Brondsted
, P.
, Heredia
, F. E.
, and Evans
, A. G.
, 1994, “In-Plane Shear Properties of 2-D Ceramic Composites
,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
0002-7820, 77
(10
), pp. 2569
–2574
.2.
Lara-Curzio
, E.
, and Ferber
, M. K.
, 1997, “Shear Strength of Continuous Fiber Ceramic Composites
,” American Society for Testing and Material
, ASTM Report No. STP 1309, p. 31
.3.
Fang
, N. J. J.
, and Chou
, T. W.
, 1993, “Characterization of Interlaminar Shear Strength of Ceramic Matrix Composites
,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
0002-7820, 76
(10
), pp. 2539
–2548
.4.
Ünal
, Ö.
, and Bansal
, N. P.
, 2002, “In-Plane and Interlaminar Shear Strength of a Unidirectional Hi-Nicalon Fiber-Reinforced Celsian Matrix Composite
,” Ceram. Int.
0272-8842, 28
, pp. 527
–540
.5.
Choi
, S. R.
, and Bansal
, N. P.
, 2004, “Shear Strength as a Function of Test Rate for SiCf∕BSAS Ceramic Matrix Composite at Elevated Temperature
,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
0002-7820, 87
(10
), pp. 1912
–1918
.6.
Choi
, S. R.
, Bansal
, N. P.
, Calomino
, A. M.
, and Verrilli
, M. J.
, 2005, “Shear Strength Behavior of Ceramic Matrix Composites at Elevated Temperatures
,” Advances in Ceramic Matrix Composites X
, J. P.
Singh
, N. P.
Bansal
, and W. M.
Kriven
, eds., The American Ceramic Society
, Westerville, Ohio
; 2005,
Ceram. Trans.
1042-1122, 165
, pp. 131
–145
.7.
Choi
, S. R.
, and Bansal
, N. P.
, 2006, “Interlaminar Tension/Shear Properties and Stress Rupture in Shear of Various Continuous Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Matrix Composites
,” Advances in Ceramic Matrix Composites XI
, N. P.
Bansal
, J. P.
Singh
, and W. M.
Kriven
, eds, The American Ceramic Society
, Westerville, Ohio
; 2006,
Ceram. Trans.
1042-1122, 175
, pp. 119
–134
.8.
Yun
, H. M.
, and DiCarlo
, J. A.
, 2004, “Through-Thickness Properties of 2D Woven SiC∕SiC Panels With Various Microstructures
,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc.
0196-6219, 25
(4
), pp. 71
–78
.9.
Zawada
, L. P.
, 1998, “Longitudinal and Transthickness Tensile Behavior of Several Oxide/Oxide Composites
,” Ceram. Eng. Sci. Proc.
0196-6219, 19
(3
), pp. 327
–339
.10.
Lara-Curzio
, E.
, Bowers
, D.
, and Ferber
, M. K.
, 1996, “The Interlaminar Tensile and Shear Behavior of a Unidirectional C-C Composite
,” J. Nucl. Mater.
0022-3115, 230
, pp. 226
–232
.11.
Mall
, S.
, Vozzola
, R. P.
, and Zawada
, L.
, 1989, “Characterization of Fracture in Fiber-Reinforced Ceramic Composites Under Shear Loading
,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
0002-7820, 72
(7
), pp. 1175
–1178
.12.
Martin
, R. H.
, 1977, “Delamination Characterization of Woven Glass/Polyester Composites
,” J. Compos. Technol. Res.
0884-6804, 19
(1
), pp. 20
–28
.13.
Sela
, N.
, and Ishai
, O.
, 1989, “Interlaminar Fracture Toughness and Toughening of Laminated Composite Materials: Review
,” Composites
0010-4361, 20
(5
), pp. 423
–435
.14.
Carlsson
, L. A.
, Gillespie
, J. W.
, and Pipes
, R. B.
, 1986, “On the Analysis and Design of the End Notched Flexure (ENF) Specimen for Mode II Testing
,” J. Compos. Mater.
0021-9983, 20
, pp. 594
–604
.15.
O’Brien
, T. K.
, and Martin
, R. H.
, 1993, “Round Robin Testing for Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Composite Materials
,” J. Compos. Technol. Res.
0884-6804, 15
(4
), pp. 269
–281
.16.
Williams
, J. G.
, 1989, “The Fracture Mechanics of Delamination Tests
,” J. Strain Anal. Eng. Des.
0309-3247, 24
(4
), pp. 207
–214
.17.
Kumar
, D. V. T. G. P.
, and Prasad
, B. K. R.
, 2003, “Higher-Order Beam Theories for Mode II Fracture of Unidirectional Composites
,” Trans. ASME, J. Appl. Mech.
0021-8936, 70
, pp. 840
–852
.18.
Smiley
, A. J.
, and Pipes
, R. B.
, 1987, “Rate Effects on Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness in Composite Materials
,” J. Compos. Mater.
0021-9983, 21
, pp. 670
–687
.19.
Brewer
, D.
, 1999, “HSR/EPM Combustor Materials Development Program
,” Mater. Sci. Eng., A
0921-5093, 261
, pp. 284
–291
.20.
Calomino
, A. M.
, 2002, “Mechanical Behavior and Characterization/1316°C In-Situ BN Coated MI∕SiC∕SiC
,” Technology Forum
, UEET
, Glenn Research Center, National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Cleveland, Ohio
, October.21.
ASTM C 1259
, 2006, “Test Method for Dynamic Young’s Modulus, Shear Modulus, and Poisson’s for Advanced Ceramics by Impulse Excitation of Vibration
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, American Society for Testing and Materials
, West Conshohocken, PA
, Vol. 15.01
.22.
Worthem
, D. W.
, 1995, “Thermomechanical Fatigue Behavior of Three CFCCs
,” National Aeronautics and Space Administration
, Glenn Research Center, NASA Report No. CR-195441.23.
Choi
, S. R.
, and Gyekenyesi
, J. P.
, 2005, “Load-Rate Dependency of Ultimate Tensile Strength in Ceramic Matrix Composites at Elevated Temperatures
,” Int. J. Fatigue
0142-1123, 27
, pp. 503
–510
.24.
Choi
, S. R.
, Bhatt
, R. T.
, Pereira
, J. M.
, and Gyekenyesi
, J. P.
, 2004, “Foreign Object Damage Behavior of a SiC∕SiC Composite at Ambient and Elevated Temperatures
,” ASME Paper No. GT2004-53910.25.
ASTM D 5528
, 2005, “Test Method for Mode I Interlaminar Fracture Toughness of Unidirectional Fiber-Reinforced Polymer Matrix Composites
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards
, American Society for Testing and Materials
, West Conshohocken, PA
.26.
See any text, e.g.,
Broek
, D.
, 1983, Elementary Engineering Fracture Mechanics
, Martinus Nijhoff
, Boston
.27.
Singh
, D.
, and Shetty
, D. K.
, 1989, “Fracture Toughness of Polycrystalline Ceramics in Combined Mode I and Mode II Loading
,” J. Am. Ceram. Soc.
0002-7820, 72
(1
), pp. 78
–84
.28.
Choi
, S. R.
, Kowalik
, R. W.
, and Alexander
, D. J.
, 2007, “Mode I and Mode II Interlaminar Crack Growth Resistances of Ceramic Matrix Composites at Ambient Temperature
,” Naval Air Systems Command, Report No. NAWCADPAX/TR-2007/4.29.
Tada
, H.
, Paris
, P. C.
, and Irwin
, G. R.
, 2000, The Stress Analysis of Cracks Handbook
, ASME
, New York
, p. 418
.Copyright © 2008
by American Society of Mechanical Engineers
You do not currently have access to this content.
