Abstract
Among the available procedures for obtaining reconstituted laboratory sand specimens, pluvial compaction appears to best simulate the natural processes leading to formation of sand deposits. Although widely used for a long period of time, effects of some components of the specimen preparation equipment (sand rainer) on the relative density of the specimen formed have not been comprehensively studied. This paper presents the results of an investigation aimed at studying these effects. The results obtained are used to provide a guide-line for design of a sand rainer.
Issue Section:
Technical Notes
References
1.
Mori
, K.
, Seed
, H. B.
, and Chan
, C. K.
, “Influence of Sample Disturbance on Sand Response to Cyclic Loading
,” Contract Report S-77-3, Waterways Experiment Station
, Vicksburg, MS, 1977
;Also published as: Report UCB/EERC-77/03,
University of California, College of Engineering
, Berkeley, CA.2.
Oda
, M.
, Koishikawa
, I.
, and Higuchi
, T.
, “Experimental Study of Anisotropic Shear Strength of Sand by Plane Strain Test
,” Soils and Foundations
, Vol. 18
, No. 1
, 1978
, pp. 25
-38
.3.
Kolbuszewski
, J. J.
, “An Experimental Study of the Maximum and Minimum Porosities of Sands
,” Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
. Vol. 1
, London, 1948
, pp. 158
-165
.4.
Kolbuszewski
, J. J.
, “General Investigation of the Fundamental Factors Controlling Loose Packing of Sand
,” Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Soil Mechanics and Foundation Engineering
, Vol. 1
, London, 1948
, pp. 47
-49
.5.
Kolbuszewski
, J. J.
, “Sand Particles and Their Density
,” Materials Science Club. Symposium on Densification of Particulate Materials
, Lecture, London
, 1965
.6.
Gilbert
, P. A.
, “Investigation of Density Variation in Triaxial Test Specimens of Cohesionless Soil Subjected to Cyclic and Monotonic Loading
,” Technical Report GL-84-10, U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station
, Vicksburg, MS, 1984
.7.
Mulilis
, J. P.
, Chan
, C. K.
, and Seed
, H. B.
, “The Effects of Method of Sample Preparation on the Cyclic Stress-Strain Behavior of Sands
,” Report EERC 75-18, University of California, College of Engineering
, Berkeley, CA.8.
Kildalen
, S.
and Stenhamar
, P.
, “NGI Laboratory Sand Rainer
,” Internal Report 51505-15, Norwegian Geotechnical Institute
, 1977
.9.
Jacobsen
, M.
, “On Pluvial Compaction of Sand
,” Rapport 9, Aalborg Univrsitetscenter, Laboratoriet for Fundering
, 1976
, 20 pp.10.
Chaney
, R.
and Mulilis
, J. P.
, “Suggested Method for Soil Specimen Remolding by Wet-Raining
,” Geotechnical Testing Journal
0149-6115, Vol. 1
, No. 2
, 06
1978
, pp. 107
-108
.11.
Ishihara
, K.
, Sodekawa
, M.
, and Tanaka
, Y.
, “Effects of Overconsolidation on Liquefaction Characteristics of Sand Containing Fines
,” Dynamic Geotechnical Testing
. STP654, American Society for Testing and Materials
, Philadelphia
, 1978
, pp. 246
-264
.12.
Tumay
, M. T.
, Antonini
, J.
, and Arman
, A.
, “Metal Versus Non-Woven Fiber Fabric Earth Reinforcement in Dry Sands: A Comparative Statistical Analysis of Model Tests
,” Geotechnical Testing Journal
0149-6115, Vol. 2
, No. 1
, 03
1979
, pp. 44
-56
.13.
Miura
, S.
and Toki
, S.
, “A Sample Preparation Method and Its Effect on Static and Cyclic Deformation-Strength Properties of Sand
,” Soils and Foundations
, Vol. 22
, No. 1
, 1983
, pp. 61
-77
.14.
Rad
, N. S.
and Tumay
, M. T.
, “Effects of Cementation on Penetration Resistance of Sand—A Model Study
,” Geotechnical Testing Journal
0149-6115, Vol. 9
, No. 3
, 09
1986
, pp. 117
-125
.15.
Silver
, M. L.
, “Laboratory Triaxial Testing Procedure to Determine the Cyclic Strength of Soils
,” prepared under Contract NRC-E(11-1)-2433, U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission, University of Illinois at Chicago Circle
, 04
1976
.16.
Rad
, N. S.
, “Effect of Cementation on Penetration Resistance of Sand
,” final Postdoctoral Report Submitted to Fugro International, Department of Civil Engineering, Geotechnical Engineering Report GE-84/01, Louisiana State University
, Baton Rouge, LA, 06
1984
.
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.