Fourier’s law is a phenomenological law to describe the heat transfer process. Although it has been widely used in a variety of engineering application areas, it is still questionable to reveal the physical essence of heat transfer. In order to describe the heat transfer phenomena universally, Guo has developed a general heat conduction law based on the concept of thermomass, which is defined as the equivalent mass of phonon gas in dielectrics according to Einstein’s mass–energy relation. The general law degenerates into Fourier’s law when the thermal inertia is neglected as the heat flux is not very high. The heat flux in carbon nanotubes (CNTs) may be as high as 1012 W/m2. In this case, Fourier’s law no longer holds. However, what is estimated through the ratio of the heat flux to the temperature gradient by molecular dynamics (MD) simulations or experiments is only the apparent thermal conductivity (ATC); which is smaller than the intrinsic thermal conductivity (ITC). The existing experimental data of single-walled CNTs under the high-bias current flows are applied to study the non-Fourier heat conduction under the ultrahigh heat flux conditions. The results show that ITC and ATC are almost equal under the low heat flux conditions when the thermal inertia is negligible, while the difference between ITC and ATC becomes more notable as the heat flux increases or the temperature drops.
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Non-Fourier Heat Conduction in Carbon Nanotubes
Hai-Dong Wang,
Hai-Dong Wang
Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
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Bing-Yang Cao,
Bing-Yang Cao
Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Zeng-Yuan Guo
Zeng-Yuan Guo
Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
Search for other works by this author on:
Hai-Dong Wang
Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
Bing-Yang Cao
Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
Zeng-Yuan Guo
Key Laboratory for Thermal Science and Power Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Engineering Mechanics,Tsinghua University
, Beijing 100084, China
J. Heat Transfer. May 2012, 134(5): 051004 (6 pages)
Published Online: April 13, 2012
Article history
Received:
April 12, 2010
Revised:
November 4, 2010
Published:
April 11, 2012
Online:
April 13, 2012
Connected Content
A companion article has been published:
Erratum: "Non-Fourier Heat Conduction in Carbon Nanotubes" [ASME J.
Heat Transfer, 2012, 134(5), p. 051004; DOI:10.1115/1.4005634]
Citation
Wang, H., Cao, B., and Guo, Z. (April 13, 2012). "Non-Fourier Heat Conduction in Carbon Nanotubes." ASME. J. Heat Transfer. May 2012; 134(5): 051004. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4005634
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