Abstract
Portland cement pervious concrete is becoming a common tool for stormwater management across the United States. The air void system in pervious concrete is particularly important because of its effect on stormwater infiltration, concrete strength, and long-term durability. However, currently the concrete industry lacks standardized testing techniques for characterizing air void systems in pervious concrete. In this paper a series of air system characterization tests performed during a field placement of pervious concrete is detailed, and the test results are compared. Fresh pervious concrete samples from two delivered mixtures were evaluated using pressure, volumetric, Chace, and air void analyzer air test methods. The hardened concrete samples were tested for water-permeable void content, water permeability, air voids (using ASTM Standard C457 method), and freeze-thaw durability (using ASTM Standard C666A method). Based on the results of the study, determination of air systems for the freeze-thaw protection of pervious concrete is proposed.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
References
1.
Kosmatka
, S. H.
, Kerkhoff
, B.
, and Panarese
, W. C.
, Design and Control of Concrete Mixtures, EB001
, Portland Cement Association
, Skokie, IL
, 2002
.2.
ASTM Standard C1688,
2008
, “Standard Test Method for Density and Void Content of Freshly Mixed Pervious Concrete
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.3.
Kevern
, J. T.
, Wang
, K.
, and Schaefer
, V. R.
, “A Novel Approach to Characterize Entrained Air Content in Pervious Concrete
,” J. ASTM Int.
1546-962X, Vol. 5
, No. 2
, 2008
, Paper ID JAI101434.4.
ASTM Standard C192,
2003
, “Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Laboratory
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.5.
ASTM Standard C617,
2003
, “Standard Practice for Capping Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.6.
User’s Manual RapidAir 457 (
2002
), Concrete Experts International, Vedbæk, Denmark, www.concrete-experts.com (Last accessed date 9 Sept. 2009
).7.
ASTM Standard C39,
2003
, “Standard Test Method for Compressive Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.8.
ASTM Standard C496,
2003
, “Standard Test Method for Splitting Tensile Strength of Cylindrical Concrete Specimens
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.9.
ASTM Standard C78,
2003
, “Standard Test Method for Flexural Strength of Concrete (Using Simple Beam with Third point Loading)
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.10.
Montes
, F.
, Valavala
, S.
, and Haselbach
, L. M.
, “A New Test Method for Porosity Measurements of Portland Cement Pervious Concrete
,” J. ASTM Int.
1546-962X, Vol. 2
, No. 1
, 2005
, Paper ID JAI12931.11.
“
American Concrete Institute (ACI) Pervious Concrete
,” Committee Report ACI 522, ACI, Farmington Hills, MI, 2006
.12.
ASTM Standard C666,
2003
, “Standard Test Method for Resistance of Concrete to Rapid Freezing and Thawing
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.13.
Schaefer
, V. R.
, Wang
, K.
, Sulieman
, M. T.
, and Kevern
, J.
, “Mix Design Development for Pervious Concrete in Cold Weather Climates
,” A Report from the National Concrete Pavement Technology Center (CP Tech Center), Report No. 1, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2006
, http://www.ctre.iastate.edu/reports/mix_design_pervious.pdf (9 Spet. 2009).14.
Kevern
, J. T.
, 2006
, “Mix Design Determination for Freeze-Thaw Resistant Portland Cement Pervious Concrete
,” M.S. thesis, Iowa State University
, Ames, IA.15.
ASTM Standard C231,
2004
, “Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Pressure Method
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.16.
ASTM Standard C173,
2007
, “Standard Test Method for Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Volumetric Method
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.17.
AASHTO T199-00,
2003
, “Air Content of Freshly Mixed Concrete by the Chace Indicator—Standard Specifications for Transportation Materials and Methods of Sampling and Testing, V. 2A
,” American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials, Washington, D.C.18.
Taylor
, P.
, Kosmatka
, S.
, and Voigt
, G.
, “Integrated Materials and Construction Practices for Concrete Pavement: A State-of-the-Practice Manual
,” A Report from the National Concrete Pavement Technology Center and Federal Highway Administration (FHWA Publication No. HIF-07-004), Iowa State University, Ames, IA, 2006
, www.cptechcenter.org/publications/imcp/ (Last accessed date 9 Sept. 2009
).19.
ASTM Standard C457,
1998
, “Standard Test Method for Microscopical Determination of Parameters of the Air-Void System in Hardened Concrete
,” Annual Book of ASTM Standards, Vol. 04.02
, ASTM International, West Conshohocken, PA.20.
Jakobsen
, U. H.
, Pade
, C.
, Thaulow
, N.
, Brown
, D.
, Sahu
, S.
, Magnusson
, O.
, De Buck
, S.
, and De Schutter
, G.
, “Automated Air Void Analysis of Hardened Concrete—A Round Robin Study
,” Cem. Concr. Res.
0008-8846, Vol. 36
, 2006
, pp. 1444
–1452
. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cemconres.2006.03.00521.
Kevern
, J. T.
, Wang
, K.
, and Schaefer
, V. R.
, The Effect of Coarse Aggregate on the Freeze-Thaw Durability of Pervious Concrete, SN3063
, Portland Cement Association
, Skokie, IL
, 2008
, 41 pages.
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.
