...D. M. E. Santo Filho; C. R. C. Rodrigues; A. P. F. Barbosa; J. J. P. dos Santos, Jr.; F. O. Baldner; R. G. Pereira; C. S. C. Castro; J. R. R. Siqueira; R. J. Daroda; L. S. Lima In this article, we study the relation between viscosity and temperature of several biodiesel types (soybean, sunflower...

...Sérgio L. Ferreira; Antonio M. dos Santos; Gustavo R. de Souza; Wagner L. Polito There exist many motivations of environmental and energetic order regarding the most frequent use of renewable fuels. Biodiesel is one of the renewable alternatives to diesel oil, and its application has been...

...Rosana M. Alberici; Vanderlea de Souza; Lenise V. Gonçalves; Valnei S. Cunha; Marcos N. Eberlin; Romeu J. Daroda In recent years, biodiesel has gained considerable attention because of the increasing concern for the environmental problems associated with the use of fossil fuels. The determination...

.... Ethyl esters of four different types of vegetable oils were blended with the diesel fuel at 2 %, 5 %, 10 %, and 20 %, on a volume basis. The experimental results showed that the densities and viscosities of the blends increased with the increase of biodiesel concentration in the fuel blend. Cold flow...

...Richa Singhal; Prateek Seth; Dinesh Bangwal; Savita Kaul The biodiesel production from alkali-catalyzed transesterification of karanja oil was investigated. In this study, the effect of three parameters, i.e., reaction temperature, catalyst concentration, and molar ratio of methanol to oil...

...Savita Kaul; Rahul Jain; Sivakumar Konathala; Dinesh Bangwal; Neeraj Atray; Basant Kumar Present work is an attempt to focus on screening of microalgae chlorella minutissima , extraction of oil, and conversion of oil into biodiesel. The experimental results are supported by scanning electron...

...R. V. P. Leal; P. P. Borges; P. R. Seidl The specification of biodiesel is related to factors associated with its quality as a fuel. The iodine value as one of those quality parameters measures the degree of unsaturation present in a biodiesel composition. The unsaturated fatty acids (existence...

...M. A. Gonçalves; K. C. Cunha; S. P. Sobral; F. B. Gonzaga; I. C. S. Fraga; P. P. Borges This work aims at determining the acid number of biodiesel from three different matrices (soy/animal fat, castor oil, and palm oil) and using three different analytical methods based on automatic volumetric...

.... , “ Spectroscopic Study of Biodiesel Degradation Pathways ,” SAE International Document No . 2006-01-3300, SAE International, Warrendale, PA, October 2006 . McCormick , R. L. , Alleman , T. L. , Waynick , J. A. , Westbrook , S. R. , and Porter , S. , “ Stability of Biodiesel...

...Volkmar Wierzbicki Oxidation stability is a physical property of liquid fuels used to describe the ageing behavior of fuels during transport and storage. In biodiesel and its blends with diesel, oxidation of fuel can result in acid formation and polymer solids which plug filters and leave...

...Ramón Artiaga; Jorge López-Beceiro; Javier Tarrío-Saavedra; José L. Mier; Salvador Naya; Carlos Gracia The oxidation stabilizing effect of a substituted phenol on soy and palm based biodiesels was investigated according to the ASTM E2009 standard. Pressure differential scanning calorimetry (PDSC...

...Robert O. Dunn Biodiesel from most common feedstocks has inferior cold flow properties compared to conventional diesel fuel. Blends with as little as 10 vol % biodiesel content typically have significantly higher cloud point (CP), pour point (PP), and cold filter plugging point (CFPP) than No. 2...

...Bert H. Clampitt; John B. Sardisco There are over 60 ASTM and other regulatory standards regarding the manufacture and sales of biodiesel fuels. These international standards require a number of calibration standards for evaluation of a biodiesel fuel. Some of the biodiesel testing are the same...

...Vassilios T. Sotiroudis; Theodore G. Sotiroudis; Fragiskos N. Kolisis Biodiesel fuel, mainly produced from edible vegetable oils, has been proposed as a renewable substitute for petroleum diesel. However, there is growing concern about its role in rising food prices, accelerating deforestation...

...Shailesh N. Shah; Bryan R. Moser; Brajendra K. Sharma The large-scale production of biodiesel has led to a surplus of glycerol, so the new commercial uses of this co-product are being sought. Twenty-three vegetable oils were screened using glycerol tris(2-ethylhexanoate) [GTEH] as a diluent...

... apparatus coupled to an autosampler oven was optimized in order to improve the accuracy of moisture determination in biodiesel derived from soybean. Several parameters were investigated, and three of them were optimized according to a central composite 2 3 star experimental design. The highest accuracy...

...Juliana Aparecida Aricetti; Antonio José da Silva Maciel; Osvaldo Cândido Lopes; Matthieu Tubino A simple and green method for the determination of the iodine number in biodiesel is proposed based on the Friedmann procedure for oils and fats adapted for biodiesel. The reagent solutions used...

...Jingtian Han; Patrick Silcock; Martin Bell; John Birch The use of enzymes (lipases) to convert triglycerides to acylesters (biodiesel) holds potential as an alternative to the conventional base catalyzed processes. Advantages include the ability to utilize impure feedstocks, less downstream...

...Paul Richards; Jim Barker; Stephen Cook The recent introduction of biodiesel blends to the U.S. market has coincided with an increase in the reported problems of fouling of fuel filters and fuel injection equipment, manifested in power loss, noise, vibration, and increased filter changes. However...

... laboratory accreditation agencies require laboratory participation in such programs. Two significant PTPs sponsored by American Society for Testing and Materials Committee D02 on Petroleum Products and Lubricants have been the programs on biodiesel and fuel-ethanol that were launched in the past few years...