Abstract
An attempt was made for making Titanium–cenosphere metal syntactic foams with varying relative densities, using different cenosphere sizes and volume fractions. Cold compaction of Ti and cenosphere powder mix was carried out at a pressure of 75 MPa, followed by sintering at 1100°C for 2 h. The sintered foam samples were characterized in terms of microstructure, primarily to observe the extent of cenosphere crushing, distribution of cenosphere, and extent of sintering. Uniform distribution of cenosphere with some extent of cenosphere crushing has been observed within the Ti matrix. XRD and EDX analysis confirms the oxidation of Ti particles to a small extent and also the entrapment of crushed cenosphere shells within the matrix, which makes the foam stronger but brittle in nature. The plateau stress, energy absorption, and modulus of these foams vary with the cenosphere size and volume fraction. Foams made with finer size cenosphere exhibits higher plateau stress and higher energy absorption for a fixed cenosphere volume fraction and at a constant foam density. Crushing of cenosphere, while compaction causes an increased density of the foam as compared to the theoretical value. As a consequence, the foam with higher cenosphere volume fraction or with coarser cenosphere size exhibited marginally higher strength and energy absorption. The variation in deformation mechanism as a function of cenosphere size and volume fraction was examined. These foams exhibited considerably higher strength and stiffness than the conventional foam and demonstrate the possibility of using them for biomedical and engineering applications.
Issue Section:
Research Papers
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