This paper presents a methodology to identify hazards associated with electric-induced drowning and electric shocks for swimmers around docks, houseboats, and other boats in both freshwater and saltwater; assesses scenarios and risks associated with these hazards; and provides information needed to communicate results of the study to the public. The methodology consists of system definition, hazard identification, scenario assessment, risk assessment including likelihood and consequences in the form of health effects, and identification of potential hazard barriers and mitigations. Critical scenarios were identified and assessed according to weighting criteria, and the results were prioritized and used to define the parametric analysis ranges that needed to be performed using simulation. Event and fault trees (FTs) were developed for the critical scenarios. Shock safety criteria were defined by reviewing standards, such as the IEEE Standard for Shock Safety and the IEC Standard for Shock Safety. These results were used to determine critical voltage differential and current thresholds.
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e-mail: tamunoiyala.koko@lr.org
e-mail: amanblair@yahoo.com e-mail
e-mail: Unyime.akpan@lr.org
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September 2016
Research Papers
Risk Assessment Methodology for Electric-Current Induced Drowning Accidents
Bilal M. Ayyub,
Bilal M. Ayyub
Fellow ASME
e-mail: ba@umd.edu
Center for Technology and Systems Management, University of Maryland
, College Park, MD 20742
e-mail: ba@umd.edu
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T. S. Koko,
e-mail: tamunoiyala.koko@lr.org
T. S. Koko
1
Reliability and Risk, Lloyd’s Register Applied Technology Group
, 1888 Brunswick Street, Suite 400,Halifax, NS B3J 3J8
, Canada
e-mail: tamunoiyala.koko@lr.org
1Corresponding author.
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Andrew Nyakaana Blair,
e-mail: amanblair@yahoo.com e-mail
Andrew Nyakaana Blair
Graduate School, University of Maryland University College
, 3501 University Blvd. East, Adelphi, MD 20783
e-mail: amanblair@yahoo.com e-mail
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U. O. Akpan
e-mail: Unyime.akpan@lr.org
U. O. Akpan
Lloyd’s Register Applied Technology Group
, 1888 Brunswick Street, Suite 400,Halifax, NS, B3J 3J8
Canada
e-mail: Unyime.akpan@lr.org
Search for other works by this author on:
Bilal M. Ayyub
Fellow ASME
e-mail: ba@umd.edu
Center for Technology and Systems Management, University of Maryland
, College Park, MD 20742
e-mail: ba@umd.edu
T. S. Koko
Reliability and Risk, Lloyd’s Register Applied Technology Group
, 1888 Brunswick Street, Suite 400,Halifax, NS B3J 3J8
, Canada
e-mail: tamunoiyala.koko@lr.org
Andrew Nyakaana Blair
Graduate School, University of Maryland University College
, 3501 University Blvd. East, Adelphi, MD 20783
e-mail: amanblair@yahoo.com e-mail
U. O. Akpan
Lloyd’s Register Applied Technology Group
, 1888 Brunswick Street, Suite 400,Halifax, NS, B3J 3J8
Canada
e-mail: Unyime.akpan@lr.org
1Corresponding author.
Manuscript received June 17, 2015; final manuscript received November 25, 2015; published online July 1, 2016. Assoc. Editor: Michael Beer.
ASME J. Risk Uncertainty Part B. Sep 2016, 2(3): 031004 (14 pages)
Published Online: July 1, 2016
Article history
Received:
June 17, 2015
Revision Received:
November 25, 2015
Accepted:
December 1, 2015
Citation
Ayyub, B. M., Koko, T. S., Blair, A. N., and Akpan, U. O. (July 1, 2016). "Risk Assessment Methodology for Electric-Current Induced Drowning Accidents." ASME. ASME J. Risk Uncertainty Part B. September 2016; 2(3): 031004. https://doi.org/10.1115/1.4032308
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