https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4829-9681
Abstract
One method for reducing the rutting failure of asphalt pavements is to modify the asphalt binder with polyethylene. However, the instability and phase separation between components has always been a major problem in achieving a homogeneous asphalt binder–polyethylene combination. To improve storage stability, one solution is to use crosslinking agents. In this study, the base asphalt binder was modified by using 3 and 7 % high-density polyethylene (HDPE). Subsequently, 1.5 % polyphosphoric acid (PPA) and 0.5 % sulfur were combined with polymer-modified asphalt binder to improve the stability between asphalt binder and polyethylene as well as reduce phase separation. First, the aging component of the prepared asphalt binder samples was evaluated using the attenuated total reflectance Fourier transform infrared spectrometer analysis. Then, the storage stability of asphalt binder samples was investigated by the frequency sweep test. The rutting resistance of asphalt binder samples was determined using the multiple stress creep recovery test, and finally, the fatigue performance of the rolling thin-film oven–aged asphalt binder samples was evaluated using the linear amplitude sweep test. The results revealed that, unlike the sulfur additive that did not have any beneficial effect on the HDPE-asphalt binder, the PPA increased the resistance of rutting, fatigue cracking, aging, and storage stability for the HDPE-asphalt binder.
Issue Section:
Technical Papers
References
1.
Domingos
M. D. I.
and Faxina
A. L.
, “Susceptibility of Asphalt Binders to Rutting: Literature Review
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
28
, no. 2
(2016
): 04015134, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.00013642.
Hınıslıoğlu
S.
and Ağar
E.
, “Use of Waste High Density Polyethylene as Bitumen Modifier in Asphalt Concrete Mix
,” Materials Letters
58
, nos. 3–4
(2004
): 267
–271
, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0167-577X(03)00458-03.
Attaelmanan
M.
, Feng
C. P.
, and Al
A.-H.
, “Laboratory Evaluation of HMA with High Density Polyethylene as a Modifier
,” Construction and Building Materials
25
, no. 5
(2011
): 2764
–2770
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.12.0374.
Ashok
J.
, Varaprasad
P. L. H.
, and Birch
J. R.
, “Polyethylene (C2H4)n
,” in Handbook of Optical Constants of Solids
, Volume II, ed. Palik
E. D.
(Amsterdam, the Netherlands
: Elsevier
, 1997
), 957
–987
, https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012544415-6.50089-35.
Nejad
F. M.
, Gholami
M.
, Naderi
K.
, and Rahi
M.
, “Evaluation of Rutting Properties of High Density Polyethylene Modified Binders
,” Materials and Structures
48
, no. 10
(2015
): 3295
–3305
, https://doi.org/10.1617/s11527-014-0399-z6.
Vargas
M. A.
, Vargas
M. A.
, Sánchez-Sólis
A.
, and Manero
O.
, “Asphalt/Polyethylene Blends: Rheological Properties, Microstructure and Viscosity Modeling
,” Construction and Building Materials
45
(August 2013
): 243
–250
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2013.03.0647.
Seifali Abbas-Abadi
M.
, Nekoomanesh Haghighi
M.
, Yeganeh
H.
, and Bozorgi
B.
, “The Effect of Melt Flow Index, Melt Flow Rate, and Particle Size on the Thermal Degradation of Commercial High Density Polyethylene Powder
,” Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry
114
, no. 3
(2013
): 1333
–1339
, https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-013-3133-08.
Habib
N. Z.
, Kamaruddin
I.
, Napiah
M.
, and Tan
I.
, “Rheological Properties of Polyethylene and Polypropylene Modified Bitumen
,” International Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering
3
, no. 2
(2011
): 96
–100
.9.
Lu
X.
and Isacsson
U.
, “Compatibility and Storage Stability of Styrene-Butadiene-Styrene Copolymer Modified Bitumens
,” Materials and Structures
30
, no. 10
(1997
): 618
–626
, https://doi.org/10.1007/BF0248690410.
Giavarini
C.
, De Filippis
P.
, Santarelli
M. L.
, and Scarsella
M.
, “Production of Stable Polypropylene-Modified Bitumens
,” Fuel
75
, no. 6
(1996
): 681
–686
, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-2361(95)00312-611.
Fee
D.
, Maldonado
R.
, Reinke
G.
, and Romagosa
H.
, “Polyphosphoric Acid Modification of Asphalt
,” Transportation Research Record
2179
, no. 1
(2010
): 49
–57
, https://doi.org/10.3141/2179-0612.
Daranga
C.
, Clopotel
C.
, Mofolasayo
A.
, and Bahia
H. U.
, “Storage Stability and Effect of Mineral Surface on Polyphosphoric Acid-Modified Asphalt Binders
,” in TRB 88th Annual Meeting Compendium of Papers DVD
(Washington, DC
: Transportation Research Board
, 2009
), DVD, https://perma.cc/R2BZ-67SX13.
Orange
G.
, Dupuis
D.
, Martin
J. V.
, Farcas
F.
, Such
C.
, and Marcant
B.
, “Chemical Modification of Bitumen through Polyphosphoric Acid: Properties-Micro-Structure Relationship
,” in Proceedings of the Third Eurasphalt and Eurobitume Congress Held Vienna, May 2004
, Vol. 1 (Breukelen, the Netherlands
: Foundation Eurasphalt
, 2004
), 733
–745
, https://perma.cc/Y83C-Q9NJ14.
Nuñez
J. Y. M.
, Domingos
M. D. I.
, and Faxina
A. L.
, “Susceptibility of Low-Density Polyethylene and Polyphosphoric Acid-Modified Asphalt Binders to Rutting and Fatigue Cracking
,” Construction and Building Materials
73
(December 2014
): 509
–514
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2014.10.00215.
Ghaly
N. F.
, “Effect of Sulfur on the Storage Stability of Tire Rubber Modified Asphalt
,” World Journal of Chemistry
3
, no. 2
(2008
): 42
–50
, https://perma.cc/W4PG-BEA416.
Zhang
F.
, Yu
J.
, and Wu
S.
, “Effect of Ageing on Rheological Properties of Storage-Stable SBS/Sulfur-Modified Asphalts
,” Journal of Hazardous Materials
182
, nos. 1–3
(2010
): 507
–517
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2010.06.06117.
Adam
P.
, Schmid
J. C.
, Mycke
B.
, Strazielle
C.
, Connan
J.
, Huc
A.
, Riva
A.
, and Albrecht
P.
, “Structural Investigation of Nonpolar Sulfur Cross-Linked Macromolecules in Petroleum
,” Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta
57
, no. 14
(1993
): 3395
–3419
, https://doi.org/10.1016/0016-7037(93)90547-A18.
Strickland
D.
, Colange
J.
, Shaw
P.
, and Pugh
N.
, “Study of the Low-Temperature Properties of Sulphur Extended Asphalt Mixtures
,” in Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Conference of the Canadian Technical Asphalt Association (CTAA)
(Quebec, Canada
: Polyscience Publications
, 2008
), 105
–118
, https://perma.cc/86J7-LWPP19.
Hinislioğlu
S.
, Aras
H. N.
, and Bayrak
O. Ü.
, “Effects of High Density Polyethylene on the Permanent Deformation of Asphalt Concrete
,” Indian Journal of Engineering & Material Sciences
12
(October 2005
): 456
–460
, https://perma.cc/46J4-YH3N20.
D’Angelo
J. A.
, “Effect of Poly Phosphoric Acid on Asphalt Binder Properties
,” Journal of the Association of Asphalt Paving Technologists
79
(January 2010
): 679
–694
, https://perma.cc/K2S2-DKFP21.
Ge
D.
, Yan
K.
, You
L.
, and Wang
Z.
, “Modification Mechanism of Asphalt Modified with Sasobit and Polyphosphoric Acid (PPA)
,” Construction and Building Materials
143
(July 2017
): 419
–428
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.03.04322.
Kodrat
I.
, Sohn
D.
, and Hesp
S. A. M.
, “Comparison of Polyphosphoric Acid-Modified Asphalt Binders with Straight and Polymer-Modified Materials
,” Transportation Research Record
1998
, no. 1
(2007
): 47
–55
, https://doi.org/10.3141/1998-0623.
Liang
P.
, Liang
M.
, Fan
W.
, Zhang
Y.
, Qian
C.
, and Ren
S.
, “Improving Thermo-Rheological Behavior and Compatibility of SBR Modified Asphalt by Addition of Polyphosphoric Acid (PPA)
,” Construction and Building Materials
139
(May 2017
): 183
–192
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.02.06524.
Yadollahi
G.
and Sabbagh Mollahosseini
H.
, “Improving the Performance of Crumb Rubber Bitumen by Means of Poly Phosphoric Acid (PPA) and Vestenamer Additives
,” Construction and Building Materials
25
, no. 7
(2011
): 3108
–3116
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2010.12.03825.
Melucci
D.
, Zappi
A.
, Poggioli
F.
, Morozzi
P.
, Giglio
F.
, and Tositti
L.
, “ATR-FTIR Spectroscopy, a New Non-destructive Approach for the Quantitative Determination of Biogenic Silica in Marine Sediments
,” Molecules
24
, no. 21
(2019
): 3927, https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules2421392726.
Hou
X.
, Lv
S.
, Chen
Z.
, and Xiao
F.
, “Applications of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy Technologies on Asphalt Materials
,” Measurement
121
(June 2018
): 304
–316
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.measurement.2018.03.00127.
Moraes
L. G. P.
, Rocha
R. S. F.
, Menegazzo
L. M.
, de Araújo
E. B.
, Yukimito
K.
, and Moraes
J. C. S.
, “Infrared Spectroscopy: A Tool for Determination of the Degree of Conversion in Dental Composites
,” Journal of Applied Oral Science
16
, no. 2
(2008
): 145
–149
, https://doi.org/10.1590/S1678-7757200800020001228.
Lamontagne
J.
, Dumas
P.
, Mouillet
V.
, and Kister
J.
, “Comparison by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) Spectroscopy of Different Ageing Techniques: Application to Road Bitumens
,” Fuel
80
, no. 4
(2001
): 483
–488
, https://doi.org/10.1016/S0016-2361(00)00121-629.
Van den Bergh
W.
and Van de Ven
M. F. C.
, “The Effect of Ageing on the Fatigue and Healing Properties of Bituminous Mortars
,” Procedia - Soil and Behavioral Sciences
53
(October 2012
): 256
–265
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.sbspro.2012.09.87830.
Abdelrahman
M.
, “Controlling Performance of Crumb Rubber-Modified Binders through Addition of Polymer Modifiers
,” Transportation Research Record
1962
, no. 1
(2006
): 64
–70
, https://doi.org/10.1177/036119810619620010831.
Lu
X.
, Isacsson
U.
, and Ekblad
J.
, “Phase Separation of SBS Polymer Modified Bitumens
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
11
, no. 1
(1999
): 51
–57
, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)0899-1561(1999)11:1(51)32.
Pamplona
T. F.
, Amoni
B. C.
, de Alencar
A. E. V.
, Lima
A. P. D.
, Ricardo
N. M. P. S.
, Soares
J. B.
, and Soares
S. A.
, “Asphalt Binders Modified by SBS and SBS/Nanoclays: Effect on Rheological Properties
,” Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society
23
, no. 4
(2012
): 639
–647
, https://doi.org/10.1590/S0103-5053201200040000833.
Domingos
M. D. I.
and Faxina
A. L.
, “Rheological Behaviour of Bitumens Modified with PE and PPA at Different MSCR Creep-Recovery Times
,” International Journal of Pavement Engineering
16
, no. 9
(2014
): 771
–783
, https://doi.org/10.1080/10298436.2014.95350334.
Standard Test Method for Multiple Stress Creep and Recovery (MSCR) of Asphalt Binder Using a Dynamic Shear Rheometer
(Superseded), ASTM D7405-15 (West Conshohocken, PA
: ASTM International
, 2015
), https://doi.org/10.1520/d7405-1535.
Standard Test Method for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test)
, ASTM D2872-15 (West Conshohocken, PA
: ASTM International
, 2015
), https://doi.org/10.1520/D2872-1936.
Standard Practice for Accelerated Aging of Asphalt Binder Using a Pressurized Aging Vessel (PAV)
(Superseded), ASTM D6521-19 (West Conshohocken, PA
: ASTM International
, 2019
), https://doi.org/10.1520/D6521-1937.
Hintz
C.
and Bahia
H.
, “Simplification of Linear Amplitude Sweep Test and Specification Parameter
,” Transportation Research Record
2370
, no. 1
(2013
): 10
–16
, https://doi.org/10.3141/2370-0238.
Bessa
I. S.
, “Laboratory and Field Study of Fatigue Cracking Prediction in Asphalt Pavements
” (PhD diss., University of São Paulo
, 2017
), https://doi.org/10.11606/T.3.2018.tde-15012018-16071539.
Standard Method of Test for Estimating Fatigue Resistance of Asphalt Binders Using the Linear Amplitude Sweep
, AASHTO TP 101 (Washington, DC
: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
, 2012
).40.
Xie
Z.
and Shen
J.
, “Fatigue Performance of Rubberized Stone Matrix Asphalt by a Simplified Viscoelastic Continuum Damage Model
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
28
, no. 4
(2016
): 04015162, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.000146341.
D’Angelo
J. A.
, “Effect of Polyphosphoric Acid on Asphalt Binder Properties
,” in Polyphosphoric Acid Modification of Asphalt Binders: A Workshop
(Washington, DC
: Transportation Research Board
, 2009
): 27
–39
, https://perma.cc/MWS8-L7QX42.
Behnood
A.
and Olek
J.
, “Stress-Dependent Behavior and Rutting Resistance of Modified Asphalt Binders: An MSCR Approach
,” Construction and Building Materials
157
(December 2017
): 635
–646
, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2017.09.13843.
Kumar
P.
and Saboo
N.
, “Rheological Investigations of Sulfur Modified Bitumen
,” in International Conference on Sustainable Civil Infrastructure (ICSCI 2014)
(Hyderabad, India
: ASCE India Section
, 2014
), 703
–713
.44.
Performance-Graded Asphalt Binder Using Multiple Stress Creep Recovery (MSCR) Test
, AASHTO M 332 (Washington, DC
: American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials
, 2012
).45.
Ghuzlan
K. A.
, Al-Khateeb
G. G.
, and Qasem
Y.
, “Rheological Properties of Polyethylene-Modified Asphalt Binder
,” Athens Journal of Technology & Engineering
2
, no. 2
(2015
): 75
–88
.46.
Ahmedzade
P.
, Günay
T.
, Grigoryeva
O.
, and Starostenko
O.
, “Irradiated Recycled High Density Polyethylene Usage as a Modifier for Bitumen
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
29
, no. 3
(2017
): 04016233, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.000175747.
Liu
S.
, Zhou
S.
, and Peng
A.
, “Evaluation of Polyphosphoric Acid on the Performance of Polymer Modified Asphalt Binders
,” Journal of Applied Polymer Science
137
, no. 34
(2020
): 48984, https://doi.org/10.1002/app.4898448.
Cooper
S. B.
III, Mohammad
L. N.
, and Elseifi
M. A.
, “Laboratory Performance Characteristics of Sulfur-Modified Warm-Mix Asphalt
,” Journal of Materials in Civil Engineering
23
, no. 9
(2011
): 1338
–1345
, https://doi.org/10.1061/(ASCE)MT.1943-5533.0000303
This content is only available via PDF.
All rights reserved. This material may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or part, in any printed, mechanical, electronic, film, or other distribution and storage media, without the written consent of ASTM International.
You do not currently have access to this content.
