... setting a pioneering effort in this field. Reduction in grain size (∼57–83%) and enhancement in surface roughness (∼64–65%) were the crucial factors contributing to improved mechanical and tribological properties. The nanohardness of the coating increased to 4.36 GPa for the optimum coating, compared...

... is evaluated using the quasi-static method, thereby greatly reducing the required computation time. The finite element simulation results indicate that the microscopic plastic deformation in the thin film is caused by instability of its crystalline structure, and that the magnitude of the nanohardness varies...